Wildlife Habitat Enhancement

Department of Wildlife Conservation staff work with landowners and land managers to implement a habitat enhancement program. An active habitat enhancement program is needed to mitigate the impacts of human development on wildlife and respond to a growing desire to observe and harvest wildlife. This is particularly true near populated, road accessible areas of Alaska.

Prescribed Burns, Scarification, Crushing, Planting

Prescribed burns are fires intentionally started under specific conditions to simulate wildfires. Prescribed burns are used as a management tool to enhance wildlife habitat. Often prescribed burns are also designed to break up large expanses of black spruce forest (reduced risk of widespread crown fire) or reduce the amount of fuel built up on the forest floor (reduced potential for severe fires), particularly near communities.

Mechanical treatments may be applied as part of forestry operations or as stand-alone silvicultural practices to regenerate specific types of vegetation for habitat objectives. Scarification is exposure of mineral soil for germination of trees or shrubs from seedfall, often done with dozer blades or special disking devices after timber harvest. Using dozers to crush or shear willows, or deciduous trees like aspen, are a technique to cause prolific sprouting of young plants from an intact root system. Top killing the woody vegetation simulates natural disturbance, such as ice scouring along rivers or low-severity (shallow burning) spring fires on upland sites. Finally, planting of willow cuttings can be used to reestablish willows in logging areas where sunlight warms the soil, although it is relatively labor intensive (costly per acre).”

Waterfowl Habitat Enhancement

Over 7 million waterfowl utilize Alaska’s coastal tundra and interior boreal forest habitats during the summer months. For the most part, waterfowl habitat in Alaska remains relatively pristine, but increased urbanization, development activities and global warming threatens wetland habitat at the local and regional level. As habitat losses increase throughout North America, Alaska’s value in maintaining healthy populations of waterfowl has increased. Many areas important for waterfowl migration, breeding and staging have been protected within state and federal wildlife refuges. Additionally, the department partners with other government agencies and non-profit organizations to ensure continued quantity and quality of habitat.

For more information see: Waterfowl Habitat Enhancement Projects.

Wildlife Enhancement on Private Land

• Information for larger landholders to access matching funds
• Environmental Quality Incentives Programs and Wildlife Habitat Improvement Programs

Wildlife Habitat in Your Backyard

• Landscaping for wildlife
• A guide to building and placing birdhouses for Alaska